The reverse of "special characters" is when foreign digraphs, such as Welsh ll in Llanelli, Dutch ij, or Croatian nj (same in Serbian and Bosnian) are simply treated as two standard A–Z characters. Some sources distinguish "diacritical marks" (marks upon standard letters in the A–Z 26-letter alphabet) from "special characters" (letters not marked but radically modified from the standard 26-letter alphabet) such as Old English and Icelandic eth (Ð, ð) and thorn (uppercase Þ, lowercase þ), and ligatures such as Latin and Anglo-Saxon Æ (minuscule: æ), and German eszett (ß final -ß, often -ss even in German and always in Swiss-German).
![term for e with an accent mark term for e with an accent mark](https://www.cleverfiles.com/help/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/accents_mac.gif)
In most fonts the caron looks like an apostrophe sitting inside the Slovak capital L, as " Ľ", but in fact is only another form of caron. the háček (as in Karel Čapek), often also called the haček in English (adapted from "háček", the Czech name ), as Č/č, Š/š, Ř/ř (only in Czech), Ž/ž broadly turns "c" "s" "r" "z" into English " ch" " sh" " rzh" " zh" sounds respectively, and Ď/ď, Ľ/ľ (only in Slovak), Ň/ň and Ť/ť turn " / d/" " / l/" " / n/" and " / t/" into palatal " / ɟ/" " / ʎ/" " / ɲ/" and " / c/" sounds.In representing European personal names, anthroponyms, and place names, toponyms, the following are often encountered: the tilde (Señor, João), in Spanish indicating palatalised n, and Portuguese indicating nasal a and o (although in Spanish and most source languages, the tilde is not considered a diacritic over the letter n but rather as an integral part of the distinct letter ñ in Portuguese the sound is represented by "nh").the cedilla (soupçon), in French, Portuguese and in Catalan it is a softening c, indicating 's-' not 'k-' pronunciation.the umlaut ( über), altering Germanic vowels.the breve (English poetry marking, drŏll pronounced / d r ɒ l/, not / d r oʊ l/), shortening vowels.the macron (English poetry marking, lēad pronounced / l iː d/, not / l ɛ d/), lengthening vowels, as in Māori or indicating omitted n or m (in pre- Modern English, both in print and in handwriting).the tittle, the dot found on the regular small i and small j, is removed when another diacritic is required.
![term for e with an accent mark term for e with an accent mark](https://www.theriaults.com/sites/default/files/styles/400px_wide/public/lot_images/cat-1144_023_0.jpg)
![term for e with an accent mark term for e with an accent mark](https://www.kentonline.co.uk/_media/img/WR8S6HONSTJE3S3GZN0P.jpg)
Most of the words are loanwords from French, with others coming from Spanish, Portuguese, German, or other languages.
![term for e with an accent mark term for e with an accent mark](https://commonreader.wustl.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/accents.jpg)
Some English language terms have letters with diacritical marks.